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Hydrogen fuel cells were invented by Sir William Robert Grove. However, they were not put to use until the 1960s when General Electric established workable proton-exchange membrane cells used as power supplies in the Apollo and Gemini space missions. Now, many years later, there is concern within the U.S. government over the availability of oil in the Middle East. The escalating violence between Israel and the Palestinians, the war in Iraq, and the possibility …

…all the neighborhoods and villages across the world. The villages and neighborhoods could install renewable energy technologies to produce their own electricity. In the rural areas, the stand-alone fuel cells can provide energy quicker and much cheaper. Moreover, the hydrogen fuel cells have the advantage of producing pure drinking water as a byproduct, which would have a positive effect in the villages around the world were access to clean water is often a critical concern.