Ganglion Cells
Light is changed into sight by converting light into electrical stimuli. These electrical impulses are sent from the retina to the brain and are interpreted as images. The retina is membrane lines the inside wall of the eye which consists of 5 main cells: photoreceptors (rods & cones), horizontal cells, bipolar cells ("on" and "off" cells) which connect photoreceptors to retinal ganglion cells, amacrine cells, and ganglion cells which are the last neurons before the optic nerve (…
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…convergence of photoreceptors (mainly rods) onto retinal ganglion cells. In the fovea (mainly cones) there is a 1:1 correspondence.]
The primary layers of the retina from outermost surface to innermost surface:
Pigment epithelium
Rod and cone layer/Bacillary layer,Layer of photoreceptor cells
Outer limiting membrane
Outer Nuclear Layer (ONL)
Outer Plexiform Layer (OPL)
Inner Nuclear Layer (INL)
Inner Plexiform Layer (IPL)
Layer of Ganglion cells (GCL)
Layer of optic nerve fibers
Optic disk/blind spot
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