Essay Database

In 1532 the Spanish soldier and adventurer Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire, creating a catalyst for the creation of a new colonial society. Steve Stern discusses the manner in which the indigenous peoples of Huamanga met the challenge of European conquest in his piece entitled, "Peru's Indian Peoples and the Challenge of Spanish Conquest". When the conquistadors first arrived, there appears to have been a mutual attraction and dependency between the Spaniards and indigenous peoples. …

…method of administration consisted of a major government of Spanish officials ruling through a minor government made up of Native Americans who dealt directly with the native population. Although Toledo eventually retreated to the highlands, his programs continued to effect the peoples of Peru as prosperity grew. Overall, despite the economic prosperity of Peru, colonial relationships were plagued with hostility and aggression as fear and disillusionment were imposed in the indigenous peoples by the Spaniards.