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Defending Materialism Dualism means the complete separation of the mental world and the physical world. In philosophy, it is the theory that the world is explicable only as a world composed of two distinct and mutually exclusive factors: the mind and the body. Socrates and Plato are called dualists because they think that mind and body are separate and distinct substances. Mind is conscious and non-spatial and body is spatial but not conscious. While separate, …

…is a philosophy debate that will continue as long as there are people to think about it. It is up to the individual to determine whether the mind and body are two distinct factors and the soul is immortal, or if the soul is inseparable from the body and a purely physical entity. Both arguments have stability, yet it is easy to see that what Socrates says can be disproved through the analogy of Simmias.