Saying "the Thing which was not": Consciously Constructed Confusion in Gulliver's Travels
"But the chief end I propose to my self in all my labors is to vex the world"
Jonathan Swift
In most ironic works there are two voices. Ellen Winner and Howard Gardner explain that in irony, "what the speaker says is intentionally at odds with the way the speaker knows the world to be" (428). The use of the word Oespeaker' twice in this sentence reveals a great deal about irony. One of the speakers …
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…vels. (New York: Dover, 1996).
Temple, Sir William. Five Miscellaneous Essays, ed. Samuel Holt Monk. (Ann Arbop: University of Michigan Press, 1963).
Thackeray, William. Gulliver's Travels: English Humorists of the Eighteenth Century. (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1853).
Thoughts on Various Subjects, in Prose Works, ed. Temple Scott. (London: Bell, 1897-1908).
Voltaire. Candide, trans. Lowell Bair. (New York: Bantam, 1959).
Winner, Ellen and Howard Gardner. in Metaphor and Thought 2nd Edition, ed. Andrew Ortony. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1993).
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