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Philosophy of Immanuel Kant Kant's philosophy is generally labeled a system of transcendental criticism, that is, he tries to explain which parts of knowledge precede experience, and which don’t, or, what is and isn’t a priori. The first work of Kant in which he appears a proponent of transcendental criticism is the "Critique of Pure Reason”, which appeared in 1781. A second edition was published in 1787. In 1785 appeared the "Foundation for the Metaphysics of …

…has continued to the present day. His work started the development of German idealism by Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel. The Neo-Kantianism of the late 19th century applied his insights to the study of the physical sciences (Hermann Cohen, Ernst Cassirer). His ideas were also applied to the historical and cultural sciences (Heinrich Rickert); his influence is also seen in the thought of Dilthey; as well as in the pragmatism of John Dewey and William James.